Mu ntangiriro z'uyu mwaka, Minisiteri y'Ubuhinzi n'Imibereho Myiza y'icyaro hamwe n'Ibiro bya Komite Ishinzwe Umutekano n'Amakuru ku Ikoranabuhanga byashyize ahagaragara ku bufatanye “Gahunda y'Ubuhinzi n'Iterambere ry'Icyaro mu Buhinzi (2019-2025)” kugira ngo ikomeze kubaka amakuru mu buhinzi n'icyaro no gufasha “ingamba zo kuvugurura umudugudu” kugira ngo hagerweho kandi hihutishwe “Guhuza ibikorwa bine bigezweho, iterambere rihuriweho” bitanga inkunga y'ingenzi.
Ingamba zo kuvugurura ubuhinzi mu cyaro zisaba ko habaho gutanga amakuru mu buhinzi no mu cyaro, bigaragarira mu nzego za serivisi z'amakuru, gucunga amakuru, kubona no kugenzura amakuru, ndetse no gusesengura amakuru. Guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi mu gutanga amakuru mu buhinzi no mu cyaro mu gihugu cyacu. Kubaka uburyo bw'igihugu bwo guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi ni inkunga y'ingenzi n'ingwate y'iterambere rirambye mu gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba z'iterambere zishingiye ku guhanga udushya mu buryo bwo kuvugurura ubuhinzi. Kwihutisha inzira yo gutanga amakuru mu buhinzi no mu cyaro mu gihugu cyanjye bigomba kwishingikiriza ku guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga, guhanga udushya mu buryo bw'icyitegererezo, guhanga udushya mu buryo bw'imikorere no gushyiraho politiki.
Kimwe muri byo ni ugushimangira iyubakwa rya sisitemu y’ubuhanga mu guhanga udushya no guca mu mbogamizi z’ingenzi z’ikibazo muri rusange. Hamwe n’ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho nka biotechnology n’ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho mu rwego rw’ubuhinzi, uburyo ubushakashatsi mu buhinzi n’inganda byagiye bihinduka cyane. Muri icyo gihe, imbogamizi nyinshi ku isi, nko mu karere kanini k’ubuhinzi n’imiyoborere y’ibidukikije, umutekano w’ibinyabuzima, n’ibibazo bigoye by’inganda, bisaba udushya mu nzego zitandukanye. Ni ngombwa kwibanda ku mbogamizi zikomeye ku isi cyangwa mu karere mu gikorwa cyo kuvugurura ubuhinzi, gutegura gahunda z’ubumenyi bw’ubuhinzi ku rwego rw’igihugu, kwita ku ikoranabuhanga n’ubumenyi bw’amakuru, no gukomeza ubufatanye mu buhinzi bushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga n’ikoranabuhanga rinini mu guhanga udushya.
Icya kabiri ni ugushimangira ibikorwa remezo byo kubaka udushya n'ikoreshwa ry'ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi. Harimo "ikirere, isi n'inyanja" ibikorwa remezo byo kubona amakuru mu buryo bufatika no gukusanya amakuru, nka satelite zo mu buhinzi zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya kure, ibidukikije by'ubuhinzi na sisitemu zo kumenya amakuru, sisitemu zo kugenzura indege zitagira abapilote mu buhinzi, nibindi; kubungabunga amazi mu mirima n'ibindi bikorwa remezo by'ubuhinzi no kuyashyira mu bikorwa. Hamwe n'impinduka mu buryo bw'ubwenge mu gushyigikira ikoreshwa n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi n'inganda zikoresha ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi; ibikorwa remezo byo kubika amakuru menshi mu buhinzi n'imiyoborere, bishinzwe gukusanya, kubika no gucunga amakuru menshi atandukanye mu buhinzi; ibidukikije by'ubuhinzi bifite imikorere myiza n'ibicu. Urubuga rwa serivisi rushyigikira ubucukuzi bw'amakuru menshi mu buhinzi n'ikoranabuhanga.
Icya gatatu ni ugushimangira udushya mu nzego no guteza imbere iterambere rishingiye ku guhanga udushya. Ku rwego rw'isi, biragoye gukurura imari y'ibigo n'imibereho myiza kugira ngo bashore imari mu guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi. Igihugu cyanjye kigomba gushyira imbaraga mu byiza byacyo byihariye mu buryo, kandi hashingiwe kuri politiki yo guteza imbere inganda mu bushakashatsi bwa siyansi, gukomeza gushimangira udushya mu buryo, gushyiraho uburyo bushya bushishikariza abakozi bakora ubushakashatsi mu bya siyansi kwitabira cyane mu guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga rishingiye ku isoko no mu bigo, no gushyiraho ubushakashatsi bw'ibanze bugezweho n'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho mu nganda. Amakipe yombi yubaka urubuga rubiri rw'ubushakashatsi mu bya siyansi no guteza imbere umusaruro, guca inzitizi ziri hagati y'ibigo by'ubushakashatsi mu bya siyansi by'igihugu na sisitemu z'ubucuruzi, no gushyiraho imiterere myiza y'imikoranire n'icyitegererezo cy'ubuhanga mu mikoranire gifite ubushakashatsi bw'ibanze n'udushya mu ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa, ibigo by'ubushakashatsi mu bya siyansi n'ibigo bifite impande ebyiri. Kwihutisha ishyirwaho ry'icyitegererezo cy'ubuhanga mu by'ubuhinzi bushingiye ku isoko. Shyira uruhare rw'imari n'isoko mu bikorwa byose, kandi ushyireho icyitegererezo cy'iterambere ry'udushya mu ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi dushingiye ku bigo, ni ukuvuga ko inzira yose yo guhanga udushya itangirira ku bushakashatsi n'iterambere ry'ibigo, bigatuma ibigo bikora ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi na sisitemu yo guhanga udushya byibanda ku bibazo by'inganda kugira ngo bikore udushya mu bicuruzwa byihariye n'udushya mu ikoranabuhanga no gushyigikira ubushakashatsi bw'ibanze bugamije iterambere.
Icya kane ni ugushimangira ishyirwaho rya politiki zijyanye no gutanga amakuru mu buhinzi zigamije iterambere kandi zireba imbere. Sisitemu ya politiki ntigomba gusa gusesengura ubuzima bwose bw'amakuru y'ubuhinzi (amakuru), imiyoborere, ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, ikoreshwa na serivisi, ahubwo igomba no kunyura mu ruhererekane rw'inganda zose z'ubwubatsi bw'ibikorwa remezo by'ubuhinzi, udushya mu ikoranabuhanga, iterambere ry'ibicuruzwa, ikoreshwa ry'ikoranabuhanga no kwamamaza serivisi. Ariko kandi harimo n'uburyo bwo guhuza uruhererekane rw'inganda z'ubuhinzi n'izindi nganda nk'inganda, serivisi, n'imari. Icyibandwaho kirimo: gushimangira uburyo bwo guhuza amakuru (amakuru) hamwe no gusangira politiki n'ibikorwa ngenderwaho, gushishikariza abantu kubona amakuru (amakuru), no guteza imbere ubwoko butandukanye bw'amakuru y'ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi n'amakuru menshi, umutungo kamere n'amakuru y'ibidukikije n'amakuru menshi, n'ubuhinzi buterwa inkunga n'imari ya leta. Gusaba abantu kubona amakuru menshi n'amakuru menshi bitangwa mu buryo bwo gukora no gukora, kandi bigatera inkunga uburyo bwo gusangira amakuru menshi. Inzego nkuru n'iz'ibanze ku nzego zose zakomeje politiki zo kubaka ibikorwa remezo by'amakuru y'ubuhinzi kugira ngo zitange inkunga y'ibanze ku bikorwa remezo by'amakuru ku guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi, ikoreshwa ry'ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi, n'ibikorwa by'ubuhinzi. Gushishikariza ibigo n'ibigo by'ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi gukora ubushakashatsi bugezweho, udushya tw'umwimerere n'udushya mu bijyanye n'ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi, gushishikariza ibigo kongera ishoramari mu bushakashatsi no guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi, guteza imbere ibigo bishya, no gushishikariza imari n'umutungo mu mibereho myiza gushora imari mu kuvugurura ubuhinzi. Gushyiraho uburyo bwo gushyigikira politiki buteza imbere umuyoboro ukomeye wa serivisi z'amakuru ugamije "ubuhinzi, icyaro n'abahinzi". Kongera imbaraga mu nkunga za politiki zo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi kugira ngo habeho ingaruka mbi zo guhanga udushya mu gihe kirekire no kunguka bike ku ishoramari mu rwego rw'ubuhinzi.
Muri make, kubaka amakuru mu buhinzi n'icyaro mu gihugu cyanjye bigomba kongera ubushobozi bwo kubaka serivisi zo gutanga amakuru, kongera udushya mu ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi, kwihutisha guteza imbere impinduka mu buhinzi no kuvugurura, no guhinduka kuva ku buryo bunini bujya ku buryo bunoze, bunoze kandi buto, no guhanga iterambere rishingiye ku makuru n'amakuru rifite imiterere y'Abashinwa. Inzira igana ku buhinzi buto.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-06-2021